Category:Sports Medicine

From Eurêka

Sports Medicine

Sports science Biological manipulation and regulation techniques that enhance athletic performance.

1. Biomechanics Study of body motion, which includes the knowledge of classical physics (specifically dynamics), kinesiology, and anatomy.

Kinesthetic sense Awareness of body position and movement both of body parts relative to each other and of the entire body relative to its surroundings.

1. Proprioceptors Sensory perceptors in the muscles, tendons, and joint that feed information to the high brain centers concerning tension of muscle fiber, joint angles, and position of body part being moved.
2. Ready position Position in which the body is ready to move quickly in any direction with maximum speed, characterized by keeping the center of gravity over the feet and slight flexion of the joints.
3. Rising and sinking motions Slow movements of the body to change position or to adjust for balance.
4. Up-down motion Quick vertical body movements.
5. Wind-up Turning the body opposite to the direction of intended action.
6. Wrap Action of the arms being drawn in close to the body to speed up twisting motion.

Soft-tissue injury Injuries to muscles, tendons and ligaments that start a cascade of reactions that result in bleeding, inflammation, swelling and pain.

1. Microtrauma Slight damage, e.g. to the muscle.

Knee ligament injuries Effect jumping and pivoting sports like basketball, soccer and volleyball.

1. Torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Rupture of ligament that stabilizes the knee and controls its pivoting.
2. Dynamic neuromuscular training Helps to reverse some of the inherent imbalances in a female athlete’s musculature by teaching athletes how to jump and land more efficiently with decreased torque in the knees.

Female athlete triad Tri-fold ailment that is a syndrome of female athletes that is made up of disordered eating, suspended menstrual cycle and premature bone loss. Term coined 1992.

RICE formula Rest, ice, compression and elevation, the formula for treating soft-tissue injuries.

Cold treatment Application of ice to constrict blood vessels, decrease muscle spasms and chill nerve endings to reduce pain.

1. Ice pack Bag filled with ice to apply to an injured area.
2. Ice massage Stroking an injured area with a block of ice.

Heat treatment Use of heat to treat sprains, strains and overuse. Heat diminishes pain and promotes healing by increasing the blood flow, bringing oxygen and enzymes to the injured area.

1. Silica-gel hydrocollator Heat pack that keeps the water inside above 160°F.

Mountain bike injuries Clavicle fractures and separated shoulders that occur when bikers fall over the handlebars.

Boomeritis Injuries to older, amateur athletes, especially those who are part of the Baby Boom demographic.