Category:Subsistence Agriculture
From Eurêka
Contents |
Subsistence Farming
Hunter-gatherers System of hunting and gathering for all sustenance.
Winter count Yearly pictographic chronicle of the number of buffalo killed by Native American Plains tribes. Occasionally, other events are recorded such as the arrival of horses and the first Europeans. These documents were passed down through their families, recopying them as they deteriorated, covering in one case from 1230 to 1879-80 and then amended to 1907.
- Count keepers People who kept the winter count, who named its year for its most significant event, e.g. “Camped-cutting-the-ice-through-winter.”
Hunter/Gatherer Groups of Recent Times
- See also Ainu (Japan)
- See also Aleuts (North America)
Aborigines Hunter/gatherers in Australia.
Akoa Hunter/gatherers in Africa.
Alakaluf Hunter/gatherers in South America.
Andamanese Hunter/gatherers in Indian Ocean.
Birhors Hunter/gatherers in India.
Chenchu Hunter/gatherers in India.
Chukchi Hunter/gatherers in Russia.
Eskimo Hunter/gatherers in North America.
Hottentots (Bushmen; Khoisan) Hunter/gatherers of southern Africa whose ethnic roots go back to African Adam. They speak a unique click language.
Kadar Hunter/gatherers in India.
Kalahari San Hunter/gatherers in Africa.
- ! Kung Sub-group of the Kalahari San.
- G/wi Sub-group of the Kalahari San.
Koryaks Hunter/gatherers in Russia.
Kutchin Hunter/gatherers in North America.
Maidu Hunter/gatherers in North America.
Mbuti Pygmies Hunter/gatherers in rain forest of Africa.
Micmac Hunter/gatherers in North America.
Negritos Hunter/gatherers in Philippines.
- See also Nootka (North America)
North Algonkians Hunter/gatherers in North America.
North Athabaskan Hunter/gatherers in North America.
- See also Ojibwa (North America)
Penobscot Hunter/gatherers in North America.
Semang Hunter/gatherers in Philippines.
Seri Hunter/gatherers in North America.
West Shoshone Hunter/gatherers in North America.
Yaghan Hunter/gatherers in South America.
Yumbri Hunter/gatherers in Indonesia.
Subsistence agriculture Agricultural system in which the final products are not primarily for sale, but are consumed by the farmer’s dependents.
- Subsistence plot Small plot that supports a family.
Shifting agriculture (Field-forest rotation; Shifting field agriculture) Form of agriculture most characteristic of primitive economies in areas of tropical rain forest in which soil fertility is maintained by a cyclical process of field rotation.
Slash-and-burn (Fire agriculture) Temporarily cultivating land by first burning the wild vegetation to obtain nutrients for the soil.
Central and South American Shifting Agriculture
Milpas (Sp, Milpa plot) Subsistence crop fields, planted with corn and other crops, Central America.
- Milpa rosa (Sp) First year’s corn crop, produced after clearing by slash and burn.
- Milpa caña (Sp) Second year’s crop.
- Milpero (Sp) Peasant who tends a milpa.
Barbecho Shifting agriculture, Mexico.
Coamile Shifting agriculture, Mexico.
Conugueros Slash and burn farmer in Venezuela.
Roza Process of clearing a field for cultivation, usually by cutting and burning trees, bushes and weeds in an area, Guatemala.
Derrubadas e quemadas Shifting agriculture, Brazil.
Roça (Port) Shifting agriculture, Brazil.
- Coivara (Port) Amerindian method of clearing land for planting by burning heaped brushwood and debris, Brazil.
African Shifting Agriculture
Hariq Burning of grassland for cultivation, Sudan.
Chitemene (Chitimene) Slash and burn cultivation, Zambia and Central Africa.
Masole (Central Africa)
Tavy Slash-and-burn cultivation in Madagascar.
Asian Shifting Agriculture
Bewar Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Dahi Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Dippa Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Djum Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Erka Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Jara Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Jhum Fields cultivated by slash-and-burn cultivation, especially among the Nagas, India.
Kaingin Shifting agriculture, Philippines.
- Kainginero Person who practices kaingin agriculture.
Kumari Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Parka Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Podu Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Prenda Slash and burn cultivation system, India.
Chena Slash and burn cultivation system, Sri Lanka.
Taungya Slash and burn cultivation system, Burma.
Ye Shifting cultivation practices in dry areas, Burma.
Tamrai Slash and burn cultivation system, Thailand.
Rây Slash and burn cultivation system, Laos.
Djuma Slash and burn cultivation system, Sumatra.
Humah (Huma) Slash and burn cultivation system, Java.
Ladang Cleared jungle under cultivation, Malaysia.
- Belukar Overgrown ladang, with thick undergrowth, secondary jungle, Malaysia.
Kaingin Slash and burn cultivation system, Philippines.
